Keynote Speech by George Freeman setting out the challenges and opportunities that should frame the decision about EU collaboration on science and innovation. What are the major opportunities and threats when it comes to our ambitions to be a Science Superpower? Where does the UK sit in the global race to science and tech dominance? Who should we see as foes to protect against or friends to collaborate with? And what are the practical considerations to setting up Horizon Plan B: what capabilities would we invest in, over what time period, and in which ways?